Malonic Acid used in ELECTROPLATING : 
	Buffer in Nickel Plating:
	Malonic acid is added to Watts electrolytes (used for nickel plating) to act as a buffer. This means it helps to maintain a stable pH in the plating solution, which is crucial for consistent and high-quality nickel deposition. 
	pH Control:
	Malonic acid has a buffer capacity within a specific pH range, typically around pH 2.0 to 3.0. This allows it to resist pH changes when acidic or basic substances are added to the plating solution. 
	Polishing Agent:
	Malonic acid can also be used as a component of polishing agents in electroplating. These polishing agents are used to create a smooth, uniform finish on the plated surfaces.